基于IRMO-FAHP-EWM组合赋权的废弃露天矿山地质环境模糊综合评价

    Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of the geological environment of abandoned open-pit mines based on the combined weighting of IRMO-FAHP-EWM

    • 摘要: 为制订具有针对性的治理方案并开展废弃露天矿山治理工作,尽可能的减少露天开采造成的环境污染、地质灾害等给人们生活生存带来的不良影响,提出了废弃露天矿山地质环境模糊综合评价方法。从地质条件、资源破坏和地质环境问题3个方面选取了11个指标,构建评价指标体系;运用模糊层次分析法(FAHP)确定指标主观权重,但在实际应用中存在模糊判断矩阵不满足一致性要求时,难于调整以达到一致性要求的问题,因此,将其转化为约束优化问题,引入IRMO算法搜索问题最优解,提出IRMO-FAHP法获取最优主观权重,优化评价效果,并通过3个不同的算例,验证了该方法的准确性;通过熵权法(EWM)确定指标客观权重,再结合博弈论计算得到指标组合权重;基于最大隶属度原则,采用模糊综合评价法(FCE)进行评价分析。应用该方法评价4个废弃露天矿山的地质环境,对三个一级指标及地质环境进行了分级评价,地质环境评价结果为:采石场a、黏土矿d地质环境等级为Ⅱ级(较差),采石场b、c地质环境等级为Ⅲ级(差),可根据评价结果确定生态修复优先级,为废弃露天矿山地质环境治理修复工作提供参考依据。

       

      Abstract: To facilitate targeted remediation efforts for abandoned open-pit mines and mitigate the adverse environmental impacts associated with open-pit mining, this study proposes a Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation (FCE) method for assessing the geological environment of such sites. A comprehensive evaluation index system is constructed by selecting 11 critical indicators across three distinct dimensions (geological conditions, resource destruction, and geological environmental issues). These indicators are identified through rigorous literature review and expert consultation. The Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) is initially employed to determine the subjective weights of these indicators. However, a significant challenge encountered in practical FAHP application is the difficulty in rectifying fuzzy judgment matrices that fail to satisfy consistency requirements. To overcome this limitation, the problem of achieving a consistent fuzzy judgment matrix is transformed into a constrained optimization problem. The Improved Radial Movement Optimization algorithm (IRMO) algorithm is then introduced to efficiently search for the optimal solution to this problem. This integration leads to the development of the IRMO-FAHP method, specifically designed to derive optimal subjective weights, thereby enhancing the accuracy of the evaluation model. The precision and reliability of the IRMO-FAHP solution method were rigorously validated through three distinct case studies. Subsequently, the Entropy Weight Method (EWM) is applied to calculate the objective weights of the indicators, providing a data-driven counterbalance to the expert-derived subjective weights. Leveraging principles from game theory, these subjective (from IRMO-FAHP) and objective (from EWM) weights are then strategically combined to determine final comprehensive indicator weights, achieving a balanced integration of expert judgment and empirical data. Finally, based on the maximum membership degree principle, the Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation (FCE) methodology is applied to perform the overall assessment analysis. The practical application of this integrated IRMO-FAHP-EWM-FCE approach involved evaluating the geological environmental of four abandoned open-pit mines. The evaluation results consistently classify quarry a and clay mine d as "Class Ⅱ (Less Poor)" and quarry b and quarry c as "Class III (Poor)". These findings provide concrete reference benchmarks and valuable insights to directly inform and guide future geological environmental remediation and ecological restoration strategies for abandoned open-pit mines.

       

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