东北地区“三生空间”时空格局演变与驱动因素分析

    Analysis of the Spatio-temporal Pattern Evolution and Driving Factors of the Production-Living-Ecological Space in Northeast China

    • 摘要: 【研究目的】科学认知区域长时间序列下“三生空间”格局演化,是国土空间开发保护制度完善的重要前提。【研究方法】基于1980年-2020年间5期土地利用数据,结合“三生空间”利用动态度与转移矩阵、格网分析、空间自相关分析、三角图分析、地理探测器等方法,分析东北地区“三生空间”分布规模、时空变化特征、“三生”功能的空间聚类及格局演变驱动因素。【研究结果】(1)东北地区“三生空间”呈现“生态主导、生产支撑”格局,生态空间(67.42%)、生产空间(29.95%)占比显著,生活空间(3.89%)扩张速率最快;(2)东北地区“三生空间”格局演变表现为生产空间呈先上涨后稳定趋势,生活空间呈逐渐上涨趋势,生态空间呈波动下降趋势;草地生态空间、林地生态空间、其他生态空间向农业生产空间转化明显,城镇生活空间扩张明显;(3)东北地区“三生空间”格局演变受土地利用强度、气温、高程、地区生产总值、人口密度等多种因素综合作用影响,人类活动加速“三生空间”格局演变。【结论】东北地区“三生空间”演变受“自然基底约束+人类活动主导”双重机制影响,需协调生态保护与农业生产、城镇扩张的矛盾,强化国土空间韧性管控。

       

      Abstract: Abstract:ObjectiveScientific understanding of the evolution of the spatial pattern of production-living-ecological space under long-term regional time series is an important prerequisite for the improvement of the national space development and protection system. Methods Based on five periods of land use data from 1980 to 2020, combined with land use dynamic attitude and transfer matrix, grid analysis, spatial autocorrelation analysis, triangular graph analysis, geographic detector and other methods, this paper analyzed the spatial distribution scale, spatio-temporal variation characteristics, spatial clustering and driving factors of production-living-ecological space pattern evolution in Northeast China. Results (1) Production-living-ecological space in Northeast China presents a pattern of "ecological dominance and production support". Ecological space (67.42%), production space (29.95%) accounted for a significant proportion, living space (3.89%) expansion rate is the fastest. (2) The evolution of production-living-ecological space shows that the production space is first rising and then stable, the living space is gradually rising, and the ecological space is fluctuating and declining. The ecological space of grassland, woodland and other ecological Spaces have been transformed into agricultural production space, and the urban living space has expanded significantly. (3) The evolution of production-living-ecological spatial pattern in Northeast China is influenced by the comprehensive effects of land use intensity, temperature, elevation, regional GDP, population density and other factors. Human activities accelerate the evolution of production-living-ecological spatial pattern. ConclusionsThe evolution of production-living-ecological space in Northeast China is influenced by the dual mechanism of "constraint of natural base + dominance of human activities". It is necessary to coordinate the contradictions between ecological protection, agricultural production and urban expansion, and strengthen the management and control of the resilience of territorial space.
       

       

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