黔东地区埃迪卡拉系陡山沱组δ13Ccarb13Corg特征对深海溶解有机碳库氧化的启示

    • 摘要: 埃迪卡拉纪是地质历史上碳循环波动的重要地质时期,发生了地质历史上最大的无机碳同位素负偏事件(即SE事件),可以在全球范围内进行对比。目前黔东地区埃迪卡拉系陡山沱组碳同位素的研究较为薄弱,制约着该地区陡山沱组碳同位素异常及其与氧化还原条件变化之间关系的认识。本文在前人研究基础之上,对黔东地区两条代表性剖面(斜坡相老龙坡剖面和斜坡-盆地相白岩山剖面)开展主微量元素、无机碳同位素(δ13Ccarb)和有机碳同位素(δ13Corg)分析。结果显示,陡山沱组第二段沉积时期,老龙坡剖面和白岩山剖面的V/(V+Ni)(均<1.0)和U/Th(分别为>1.25和>0.75)均表明研究区沉积水体整体处于较还原环境;其中老龙坡剖面存在碳同位素的负异常(对应EN2),且存在δ13Ccarb和δ13Corg的解耦现象,认为其形成与深海有机碳库(Dissolved Organic Carbon; DOC)中的有机质氧化有关。陡山沱组第三段沉积时期,研究区老龙坡剖面白云岩Ce/Ce*<0.9和U/Th<0.75,白岩山剖面白云岩Ce/Ce*值为0.9~1.3、U/Th<0.75,白云质泥岩V(V+Ni)<1.0、U/Th<0.75,表明研究区深海氧化程度在逐渐增加。同时,两个剖面碳同位素均表现出明显的负异常(对应EN3),并伴随着δ13Ccarb和δ13Corg的耦合演变。此外,该时期华南地区浅海至深海存在明显的δ13Ccarb梯度和δ13Ccarb13Corg耦合的时空差异性,推测此时深海仍表现出氧化还原分层状态,且DOC并未完全氧化。

       

      Abstract: The Ediacaran Period represents a significant geological era for fluctuations in the carbon cycle throughout Earth's history, marked by the largest negative excursion in inorganic carbon isotope ratios (known as the Shuram Excursion or SE Event), which can be correlated globally. Currently, research on carbon isotopes in the Doushantuo Formation of the Ediacaran System in eastern Guizhou is relatively scarce, hindering our understanding of carbon isotope anomalies and their relationship with changes in redox conditions in this region. Building upon previous studies, this paper presents an analysis of major and trace elements, inorganic carbon isotopes (δ¹³Ccarb), and organic carbon isotopes (δ¹³Corg) from two representative sections in eastern Guizhou: the Laolongpo section (slope facies) and the Baiyanshan section (slope-basin facies). The results indicate that during the deposition of the second member of the Doushantuo Formation (Ⅱ), the V/(V+Ni)<1.0 and U/Th>1.25 in carbonaceous shales at the Laolongpo section, as well as V/(V+Ni)<1.0 and U/Th>0.75 in black shales at the Baiyanshan section, suggest a dysoxic state, indicating an overall reducing environment in the depositional waters of the study area. Notably, the Laolongpo section exhibits a negative carbon isotope anomaly (EN2), accompanied by decoupling between δ¹³Ccarb and δ¹³Corg, which is interpreted to be related to the oxidation of organic matter in the deep-sea dissolved organic carbon (DOC) pool. During the deposition of the third member of the Doushantuo Formation (Ⅲ), the Ce/Ce<0.9 and U/Th<0.75 in dolomites at the Laolongpo section, Ce/Ce values ranging from 0.9 to 1.3 and U/Th<0.75 in dolomites, and V/(V+Ni)<1.0 and U/Th<0.75 in dolomitic mudstones at the Baiyanshan section, suggest a gradual increase in deep-sea oxidation levels in the study area. Meanwhile, both sections display pronounced negative carbon isotope anomalies (EN3), accompanied by coupled evolution of δ¹³Ccarb and δ¹³Corg. Furthermore, during this period, there were marked spatial and temporal differences in δ¹³Ccarb gradients and δ¹³Ccarb-δ¹³Corg coupling from shallow seas to deep seas in South China, suggesting that the deep sea still exhibited redox stratification and that DOC was not completely oxidized.

       

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