Objective The Kangdian geotectonic belt is a significant region in China known for its iron, copper, and rare earth mineral resources. In recent years, the enrichment of scandium in Fe−Cu−REE ore deposits associated with hydrothermal processes has been gradually discovered, though it has not received adequate attention, and relevant studies remain sparse.

Methods This paper focuses on the Dahongshan Fe−Cu−REE ore deposit, one of the most representative deposits in the Kangdian geotectonic belt. Using advanced analytical techniques such as scanning electron microscopy, electron probe microanalysis, and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spec−trometry, we conducted an in−depth investigation into the enrichment characteristics of scandium in ilmenite, anatase, and rutile.

Results The results reveal that ilmenite, anatase, and rutile from the Dahongshan deposit all exhibit significant enrichment of scandium, with varying degrees of enrichment of elements such as Y, Cr, and Nb.

Conclusions Comprehensive studies indicate that scandium and other rare earth elements are enriched in ilmenite during the formation of Cu–Fe ore bodies. The Sc contents in ilmenite from the Dahongshan Fe–Cu–REE deposit range from 254×10⁻⁶ to 3170×10⁻⁶, with an average of 1385×10⁻⁶, which is significantly higher than those in the main Sc−bearing minerals of domestic Sc deposits. The superposition of multiple stages of mineralization provides key geological conditions for the continuous enrichment of Sc and constitutes the fundamental process responsible for its pronounced enrichment characteristics. These findings provide important insights into the Sc enrichment behavior, the mineralization potential of ilmenite in nature, and its potential for future development and utilization.