伊洛河流域黄铁矿风化作用对大气CO2吸收/释放影响的研究
Study on the absorption/release affect of atmospheric CO2 by pyrite weathering in the Yiluo River Basin
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摘要: 硫酸参与矿物化学风化对全球气候变化影响备受关注，但对风化机制及大气CO₂消耗量存在较大争论。伊洛河是黄河中游的重要支流，且上游分布大量金、钼、银铅矿等金属硫化物矿山，是硫酸风化对区域碳循环影响研究的理想区域。通过丰水期和枯水期的空间采样，结合水化学和硫氧同位素分析，阐明伊洛河流域黄铁矿氧化对大气CO2源汇效应的影响。结果表明：伊洛河流域河水硫酸盐来源中黄铁矿氧化占比在丰水期和枯水期分别为55%和51%；硫酸参与伊洛河流域岩石化学风化增加了流域3.6%的风化速率；在长时间尺度上（10Ma），黄铁矿氧化衍生的硫酸参与碳酸盐岩化学风化释放CO2通量为0.06×105mol·km2·a-1，岩石风化过程对大气CO2净消耗通量为0.48×105mol·km2·a-1，流域岩石风化对为大气CO2的影响表现为碳汇。研究结果丰富了黄铁矿风化作用与二氧化碳源汇理论研究，同时为我国北方水资源保护提供科学依据。Abstract: The impact of sulfuric acid participating in the chemical weathering of minerals on global climate change has received much attention, but there are significant disputes regarding the weathering mechanism and the consumption of atmospheric CO₂. The Yiluo River is an important tributary in the middle reaches of the Yellow River, and there are a large number of mines such as gold, molybdenum, and silver - lead deposits distributed in its upper reaches, making it an ideal area for studying the impact of sulfuric acid weathering on the regional carbon cycle. Through spatial sampling in the wet season and the dry season, combined with hydrochemistry and sulfur - oxygen isotope analysis, the influence of pyrite oxidation in the Yiluo River Basin on the source - sink effect of atmospheric CO₂ is clarified. The results show that the proportion of pyrite oxidation in the sources of sulfate in the river water of the Yiluo River Basin is 55% in the wet season and 51% in the dry season; sulfuric acid participating in the chemical weathering of rocks in the Yiluo River Basin increases the weathering rate of the basin by 3.6%; on a long - time scale (10Ma), the CO₂ flux released by the chemical weathering of carbonate rocks with sulfuric acid derived from pyrite oxidation is 0.06×10⁵ mol·km²·a⁻¹, and the net consumption flux of atmospheric CO₂ by the rock weathering process is 0.48×10⁵ mol·km²·a⁻¹. The impact of rock weathering in the basin on atmospheric CO₂ shows a carbon sink. The research results enrich the theoretical research on pyrite weathering and the source - sink of carbon dioxide, and at the same time provide a scientific basis for water resource protection in northern China.
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