摘要:
萤石作为战略性矿产之一，在中国经济社会发展中发挥着关键作用。我国作为世界上最大的萤石生产国之一，拥有丰富的萤石资源，但萤石产业在发展过程中仍然存在较多的问题。随着国家对产业链供应链安全不断重视，本文从资源获取、资源流通和资源转化3个维度出发，构建中国萤石资源产业链供应链安全评价指标体系。对2001—2022年萤石资源产业链供应链安全进行评价，并结合障碍度和协调度模型进一步分析影响产业链供应链安全的因素及协调发展问题。结论如下：①2001—2022年中国萤石资源产业链供应链安全呈波动上升的趋势，呈现出资源流通安全＞资源获取安全＞资源转化安全的发展格局；②资源获取和资源转化安全是阻碍产业链供应链安全的主要因素，风险复杂多元化，具体表现在单位能耗、回收利用率、应用技术竞争力、进口集中度和产品附加值率等方面；③2001—2022年中国萤石资源产业链供应链安全的协调度水平呈上升的趋势，但整体水平偏低，调整和优化发展模式是提升协调水平的主要路径。
Abstract:
Fluorite, as one of the strategic minerals, plays a key role in China's economic and social development. As one of the largest fluorite producing countries in the world, China has abundant fluorite resources, but there are still many problems in the development of fluorite industry. With the continuous attention of the country to the security of the industrial chain and supply chain, this paper constructs the evaluation index system of the industrial chain and supply chain security of China's fluorite resources from three dimensions: resource acquisition, resource circulation and resource transformation. The security of the industrial chain and supply chain of fluorite resources from 2001 to 2022 was evaluated, and the factors affecting the security of the industrial chain and supply chain were further analyzed by combining the obstacle degree and coordination degree model. The conclusions are as follows: (1) From 2001 to 2022, the security of the industrial chain and supply chain of fluorite resources in China showed a trend of fluctuation and increase, showing a development pattern of resource circulation security > resource access security > resource transformation security; (2) The security of resource acquisition and resource transformation is the main factor hindering the security of industrial chain and supply chain, and the risks are complex and diversified, which are embodied in unit energy consumption, recycling utilization rate, application technology competitiveness, import concentration and product added value rate. (3) From 2001 to 2022, the coordination degree of the supply chain security of China's fluorite resource industry chain is on the rise, but the overall level is low. Adjusting and optimizing the development mode is the main way to improve the coordination level.
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