羌塘中部阿木岗日地区晚三叠世花岗岩成因及其构造意义

    • 摘要: 龙木错-双湖板块缝合带位于青藏高原北部,是研究古特提斯洋构造历史演化的重要窗口。目前,洋盆闭合的时限和闭合期间的地球动力学演化尚不明确。晚三叠世火成岩广泛分布于龙木错-双湖缝合带的两侧,为研究古特提斯洋闭合过程中发生的构造-岩浆作用提供了关键研究素材。本文对缝合带东段阿木岗日地区的花岗岩体开展了锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年和Lu-Hf同位素以及全岩地球化学和Sr-Nd同位素分析测试。锆石定年结果为213~212 Ma,代表了花岗岩的形成时代,略晚于该地区高压变质带的峰期变质年龄。岩体具有较高的SiO2(56.88%~70.35%)和Al2O3(14.45%~16.82%)含量,K2O(1.84%~5.47%)和全碱含量(K2O+Na2O=3.67%~9.51%)变化较大。P2O5与SiO2为负相关,样品镜下观察可见角闪石,具有I型花岗岩的特征。样品稀土元素球粒陨石标准化曲线为Eu负异常明显的右倾型,表明有一定程度的斜长石的分离结晶作用或源区存在斜长石残留。样品的微量元素配分曲线基本一致,强烈富集K、Th、U、Rb和La等大离子亲石元素,强烈亏损Nb、Ta、P、Ti等高场强元素。此外,其较高的I(Sr)值(0.713530~0.715744)以及负的锆石ɛHf(t)值(–19.2~–7.1)和ɛNd(t)值(–11.1~–8.9),表明这些花岗岩可能源自古老地壳物质的部分熔融。混合模拟计算指示花岗岩源区混入了约10%~20%的幔源基性岩浆。结合区域地质资料,初步认为阿木岗岩体可能形成于后碰撞环境。伴随着洋盆闭合及板片断离,幔源岩浆上涌诱发区域发生强烈岩浆作用,继而形成沿缝合带带状展布的晚三叠世岩浆岩,它们是古特提斯洋闭合的岩石学证据。
       

       

      Abstract:   
        Longmu Co-Shuanghu plate suture zone is in the northern part of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, which is an important window to study the evolution of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean. At present, the geodynamic mechanism of ocean basin closure is not clear. Late Triassic igneous rocks are widely distributed on both sides of the Longmu Co-Shuanghu suture zone, which provides key research materials for studying the tectonic-magmatic process during the closure of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean. In this paper, zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating and Lu-Hf isotope, as well as whole-rock geochemistry and Sr-Nd isotope analyses were carried out on the granite bodies in the Amugangri area in the eastern part of the suture zone. The zircon dating results are 213~212 Ma, which represents the age of formation of the granite, slightly later than the peak metamorphism age of the high-pressure metamorphic zone in the area. The rocks have high SiO2 (56.88%~70.35%) and Al2O3 (14.45%~16.82%) contents, with variable the K2O (1.84%~5.47%) and all-alkali contents (K2O+Na2O=3.67%~9.51%). The negative P2O5-SiO2 correlation and hornblende indicate an I-type granitoid affinity. The chondrite-normalized rare earth element diagram shows a right-dipping type with obvious Eu-negative anomaly, indicating that there is a certain degree of plagioclase separation or residue in the source area. The trace element partition curves of the samples are basically consistent, with strong enrichment of large ionic lithophilic elements such as K, Th, U, Rb, and La, and strong loss of high-field-strength elements such as Nb, Ta, P, and Ti. In addition, their high ISr (0.713530~0.715744) and negative zircon ɛHf (t) values (–19.2~–7.1) and ɛNd (t) values (–11.1~–8.9) characteristics suggest that these granites may have originated from partial melting of ancient crustal materials. The mixed simulation indicates that about 10% ~ 20% mantle-derived basic magma is mixed into the granite source area.Combined with regional geologic data, it is tentatively suggested that the Amugangri body may have formed in a post-collisional environment. Accompanied by the closure of the ocean basin and plate breakoff, lithe upwelling of mantle magma induced strong Late Triassic magmatism in the region, emplaced along the suture zone, which are the petrological evidence for the closure of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean.
        Longmu Co-Shuanghu plate suture zone is in the northern part of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, which is an important window to study the evolution of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean. At present, the geodynamic mechanism of ocean basin closure is not clear. Late Triassic igneous rocks are widely distributed on both sides of the Longmu Co-Shuanghu suture zone, which provides key research materials for studying the tectonic-magmatic process during the closure of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean. In this paper, zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating and Lu-Hf isotope, as well as whole-rock geochemistry and Sr-Nd isotope analyses were carried out on the granite bodies in the Amugangri area in the eastern part of the suture zone. The zircon dating results are 213~212 Ma, which represents the age of formation of the granite, slightly later than the peak metamorphism age of the high-pressure metamorphic zone in the area. The rocks have high SiO2 (56.88%~70.35%) and Al2O3 (14.45%~16.82%) contents, with variable the K2O (1.84%~5.47%) and all-alkali contents (K2O+Na2O=3.67%~9.51%). The negative P2O5-SiO2 correlation and hornblende indicate an I-type granitoid affinity. The chondrite-normalized rare earth element diagram shows a right-dipping type with obvious Eu-negative anomaly, indicating that there is a certain degree of plagioclase separation or residue in the source area. The trace element partition curves of the samples are basically consistent, with strong enrichment of large ionic lithophilic elements such as K, Th, U, Rb, and La, and strong loss of high-field-strength elements such as Nb, Ta, P, and Ti. In addition, their high ISr (0.713530~0.715744) and negative zircon ɛHf (t) values (–19.2~–7.1) and ɛNd (t) values (–11.1~–8.9) characteristics suggest that these granites may have originated from partial melting of ancient crustal materials. The mixed simulation indicates that about 10% ~ 20% mantle-derived basic magma is mixed into the granite source area.Combined with regional geologic data, it is tentatively suggested that the Amugangri body may have formed in a post-collisional environment. Accompanied by the closure of the ocean basin and plate breakoff, lithe upwelling of mantle magma induced strong Late Triassic magmatism in the region, emplaced along the suture zone, which are the petrological evidence for the closure of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean.

       

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