摘要:
萤石矿化与火山岩型铀矿关系密切，地质工作者通常将萤石矿化作为热液铀矿床有效找矿标志。随着青海省都兰县海德乌拉火山岩型铀矿床勘查工作的持续推进，在矿区西侧野马沟地区发现了7条共生的具有工业价值的萤石矿体。为探讨萤石与火山岩型铀矿成矿空间与成因上的潜力关联，本文通过野外地质调查及区域资料综合研究，对萤石矿床地质特征及对火山岩型铀矿找矿启示进行研究。结果表明：区内萤石矿体连续性好，矿体走向长100～300 m，真厚度0.94～11.23 m，CaF2品位23.02 %～48.27 %，主要受北西向断裂系统控制。含矿岩性为隐爆角砾岩、构造角砾岩、豆状流纹岩、晶屑凝灰岩等，围岩蚀变主要包括硅化、高岭土化、碳酸盐化和黄铁矿化等。萤石表现为多期次活动特征，综合研究认为矿床类型为受构造控制的低温热液充填型脉状萤石矿床，与火山岩型铀矿成矿地质背景相似，推测萤石矿体深部及外围可能蕴藏丰富的铀矿资源，后续工作应注重区域萤石+铀综合找矿工作，通过系统的勘查有望实现找矿突破。
关键词:
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萤石
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铀矿
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地质特征
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找矿潜力
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野马沟
Abstract:
Fluorite mineralization is closely related to volcanic type uranium deposits, as an effective prospecting indicator for hydrothermal uranium deposit exploration. Seven industrial fluorite ore bodies have been discovered in the Mustangou area, with the continuous development of the exploration of Heidewula volcanic type uranium deposit in Duran County, Qinghai Province. In order to analyze the potential relevance between fluorite mineralization and volcanic type uranium, through field geological survey and comprehensive metallogenic data analysis, the spatio-temporal relationship of fluorite and uranium mineralization and collective geological prospecting in Haimagou are discussed. The study results show that: the fluorite ore bodies spread continuously, controlled by a NW fault system, in thickness from 0.94 to 11.23 m, with a strike length of 100~300 m and the grade of CaF2 23.02% ~ 48.27%. Ore-bearing lithologies include cryptoexplosive breccia, structural breccia, pisiform rhyolite, crystalline tuff, etc. The wall rock alteration mainly includes silicification, kaolinization, carbonation and pyritization. The fluorite is characterized by multi-phase activity, and the comprehensive study shows that the fluorite deposit belongs to a low temperature hydrothermal filling vein fluorite deposit controlled by structure. and the metallogenic geological background is similar to that of volcanic type uranium deposit. The metallogenic geological background of fluorite is similar to that of volcanic type uranium deposit. Hence, it is speculated that there may be rich uranium resources in the depth and periphery of the fluorite ore body. The comprehensive prospecting of fluorite + uranium in the region should be emphasized, and a breakthrough in prospecting is expected to be achieved through systematic exploration.
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