青藏高原当惹雍措裂谷中小地震震源参数及发震机制研究

    Focal mechanism and seismogenic mechanism of recent small and medium earthquakes in Tangra Yumco Rift

    • 摘要: 位于青藏高原中部的当惹雍错区域具有特殊的区域构造特征且地震频发。布置于该区域的宽频带地震观测台站记录了发生在当惹雍错北段的扎拉断裂与当惹雍错NS向正断层交汇部位的3.2级地震事件(20231023224722)。我们使用CAP方法得到了该地震的震源机制解为走滑兼正断性质;通过sPL深度震相估算了其震源深度为8km(地表起算)。计算该地震P轴和T轴方位集中在NS和EW方向,历史地震反演得到的主压应力轴和主张应力轴与区域构造应力场的NS挤压、EW拉张方向一致。当惹雍错裂谷中上地壳地震发生不仅受到了当惹雍错裂谷NS正断层系的影响,也受到了当惹雍错裂谷及其邻区的区域构造应力场决定性的影响。综合地质及地球物理观测结果,我们认为当惹雍错裂谷区域的区域构造应力场和深部结构共同对该区域内发震过程发挥着主导作用。这为该区域的新生代以来的东西向伸展机制认识提供了关键地震学证据。

       

      Abstract: Earthquakes are common in the Tangra Yumco Rift (TYR), situated in the central Tibetan Plateau, exhibiting typical seismic structural features. An M 3.2 seismic event (20231023224722) was observed by broadband seismic stations at the site of the intersection of the Zhala Fault and the NS-trending normal fault in the northern section of the TYR. The CAP method was employed to identify the seismic mechanism of this earthquake as a strike-slip. The depth of the seismic source was estimated at 8 km (from the surface) using sPL depth phases. The orientations of the earthquake's P and T axes are concentrated in the NS and EW directions, aligning with the principal stress axes derived from historical earthquake inversions and the regional tectonic stress field, characterized by NS compression and EW extension. Subsurface NS faults beneath the TYR also influence seismic event occurrence in the middle and upper crust of the region. The regional tectonic stress field frequently exerts a significant influence on seismic activity, whereas the complex fault intersection also affects seismic activity. Our belief, supported by comprehensive geological and geophysical observations, is that the regional tectonic stress field and deep structure in the TYR predominantly govern the seismic processes in this region. This presents vital seismic evidence for comprehending the east-west extension mechanism in TYR since the Neogene epoch.

       

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