小兴安岭地区碳储量时空格局演化及驱动力分析
Cao S X, Liu Y J, Su W et al. The net ecosystem services value in mainland China[J]. Science China Earth Sciences, 2018, 61: 595-603.
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摘要: 生态系统中森林固碳释氧功能对有效减缓气候变化有重要作用。针对多因子对生态系统碳储量空间分异的作用机制，研究借助2000、2010、2020年土地利用数据，基于InVEST模型估算小兴安岭地区的碳储量及其空间分布特征，使用随机森林模型对地形、气象、土壤等重要变量进行筛选并选择地理探测器探索驱动研究区的碳储量空间分异的主要驱动因子，探究其驱动机制。结果表明，（1）研究区土地利用类型主要以林地（77%）、耕地（20%）为主，地类结构变化明显，表现为耕地、建设用地面积增加，林地、草地面积减少；（2）研究区近20a碳储总量逐渐降低0.44%，耕地与林地、草地的相互转化是碳储量减少的主要原因；（3）碳储量空间分异的主导因子为植被覆盖度（0.254~0.278）和土壤质地（0.146~0.168），研究可因地制宜为当地生态修复工程提供修复建议，为“双碳”工作的科学管理提供参考。Abstract: The function of carbon fixation and oxygen release of forest plays an important role in effectively mitigating climate change. Aiming at the mechanism of multi-factor on the spatial differentiation of ecosystem carbon storage, based on the land use data of 2000, 2010 and 2020, the InVEST model was used to estimate the carbon storage and its spatial distribution characteristics in the Xiaoxing 'anling area. The random forest model was used to screen the important variables such as topography, meteorology and soil, and the geodetector was selected to explore the main driving factors driving the spatial differentiation of carbon storage in the study area and explore its driving mechanism. The results showed that the land use types in the study area were mainly forest land (77%) and cultivated land (20%). The structure of land types changed obviously, which showed that the area of cultivated land and construction land increased, and the area of forest land and grassland decreased. The total carbon storage in the study area has gradually decreased by 0.44% in the past 20 years. The mutual transformation of cultivated land, forest land and grassland is the main reason for the decrease of carbon storage. The dominant factors of spatial differentiation of carbon storage are vegetation coverage (0.254~0.278) and soil texture (0.146~0.168). The study can provide restoration suggestions for local ecological restoration projects according to local conditions, and provide reference for the scientific management of ' double carbon ' work.
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