Abstract: Geological big data is an important strategic resource of our country. Geological data is an important component of social and economic activities, which has asset attributes, and is an important part of state-owned assets. Asset management of geological big data is an inevitable way to standardize the management of geological big data, give full play to the economic value of geological big data, and ensure the preservation and appreciation of state-owned assets. This paper systematically studied the America national geospatial data asset portfolio management and practice, and the achievements of domestic enterprise data asset management. This paper analyzed the current situation and existing problems of geological big data asset management in China Geological Survey, outlined the geological big data asset management strategy, clarified the objects and main elements of the asset management of geological big data, preliminarily constructed a data value evaluation system, and put forward the methods of asset management of geological big data and suggestions for strengthening the protection of data assets property rights. This paper also introduced the geological big data asset management practice in China Geological Survey and data asset registration work carried out.