Abstract: Alto Ligonha Ta-Nb rare element metallogenic beltin Mozambique active belt is located in the eastern part of the Damara-Zambezia giant metallogenic domain in central and southern Africa.149 Ta-Nb rare element deposits and occurrences have been found, and the metallogenic types are pegmatite type.The pegmatites in the metallogenic belt are mainly the product of magmatic crystallization differentiation in the late Pan African orogeny and the diagenetic ages are 440~450 Ma and 470~490 Ma.The pegmatites in the metallogenic belt can be divided into 5 pegmatite belts, 12 pegmatite fields, 46 pegmatite groups and more than 100 pegmatite mineralized areas.The LCT(Lithium-Cesium-Tantalum)pegmatites closely related to mineralization are obvious zoned.Among them, Ta-Nb and other metallogenic elements mainly occur in feldspar belt and lithium belt.The metallogenic epoch of Ta-Nb rare element deposits are the same as pegmatites, mainly concentrated in 440 ~ 450 Ma and 470 ~ 480 Ma.The deposits are obviously controlled by Namama thrust belt and Mugeba klippe.The ore body occurs in the LCT type pegmatite of the Namama thrust belt and EW, NW fault zones in the south and north sides marginal ring area of Mugeba klippe, and occurs in vein, lenticular, and plate shapes.From SE to NW or SEE to NWW, the rare element mineralized association in each mining area has a trend from simple to complex, and the types of ore-forming elements have evolved from single to comprehensive, indicating that the degree of magmatic crystallization differentiation is increasing.Combined with the existing data, the Alto Ligonha rare element metallogenic belt can be divided into 11 metallogenic prospect areas, including 6 key prospect areas and 5 general prospect areas, which analyzed the resource potential of the key prospect areas and pointed out the prospecting direction.