Abstract: Mine geological hazards are disasters caused by the destruction of geological environment resulting from human mining activity and natural geological activity. In recent years, with the intensifying mineral resources exploitation, mine geological hazards tend to occur more and more frequently, which has seriously threatened people′s production and living safety around some mining areas, and even caused heavy casualties. According to achievements obtained in the investigation and appraisal of the China′s mine geological environment from 2002 to 2005 by means of data statistics, analysis and summarization, and in accordance with geological environmental background divisions, mine types, mine scales and exploitation modes, this paper expounds the distribution characteristics and harmfulness of five kinds of geological hazards, i.e., rockfall, land slide, debris flow, land collapse and ground fissure, with the purpose of providing some basic information for the monitoring, prevention and control of mine geological hazards.