Abstract: With the increasing investments of Chinese mining enterprises in the Andean countries, the authors discuss the mining investment environments of various Andean countries based on the analysis of their mining laws characteristics. In this paper, five problems are proposed concerning the investments of Chinese mining enterprises in combination with the problems and lessons of experience of the mining investments in this region in order to prevent legal risks. Firstly, the investors should pay attention to the preliminary full investigation of the project. Secondly, the investors should properly handle the community issues, and realize the mutual benefits and development between Chinese enterprises and the local people. Thirdly, the investors should correctly manage the relationships between workers and the mining enterprises. Fourthly, the investors should prevent the risks of legal changes. Lastly, the investors should take the advantage of the role of Chinese lawyers during the mining investments. These suggestions can provide some relative information and guidance for reducing the mining investment risks of the Chinese enterprises in this region.